Wave Optics · Interactive

Single-Slit Diffraction

One slit is not a point — every part of its opening re-radiates, and those Huygens wavelets interfere. The result is a bright central band flanked by weaker side maxima. Counter-intuitively, the narrower the slit, the wider the light spreads.

Source Barrier + 1 slit Screen (diffraction) Top-down view · wavefronts exaggerated for visibility

Setup

Slit width a 0.20 mm
Screen distance D 1.50 m
Wavelength λ 520 nm
w = 2λD / a
7.80mm
Central band width
first min: a·sinθ = λ w ∝ 1/a

View

Try this: drag the slit width a down to its minimum — the central band balloons outward. A narrow gap forces the wavelets to spread over a wide angle; a wide gap keeps the beam tight and collimated.